IFAD is one of Sri Lanka’s longest-standing development partners. In 1978, the Kirindi Oya Irrigation and Settlement Project was launched as IFAD’s first investment in the country. The goal was to increase food production, provide employment opportunities and raise rural incomes. Altogether, IFAD has implemented 18 projects in Sri Lanka, benefiting 614,832 households at a total cost of US$590.6 million (with IFAD providing US$337.9 million in financing). Today, IFAD continues to actively engage in Sri Lanka, with investments aimed at contributing to the achievement of the SDGs, specifically in the areas of food security, sustainable agricultural production and productivity, and improved income opportunities for rural households. As policy implementation rather than formulation is repeatedly raised as one of Pakistan’s challenges, this assessment considered the implementation challenges of specific policy processes relevant to the FAO-EU partnership in the country, rather than the entire suite of relevant policies. It considered the necessary conditions to move forward and how best to meet these conditions, including through more strategic resource allocation and more effective approaches to building institutional capacity.